土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)鹽(yan)漬(zi)(zi)(zi)化也稱鹽(yan)堿化，是指易溶性鹽(yan)分在土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)表層(ceng)積(ji)(ji)累的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)或現象。一般情況下，大(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)種植蔬(shu)菜3年以后(hou)，土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)就會不同程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)出現鹽(yan)漬(zi)(zi)(zi)化，造成蔬(shu)菜作物(wu)根(gen)部吸水(shui)困難，影響正常生(sheng)長(chang)發育，隨(sui)著(zhu)種植年限的(de)增加，土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)鹽(yan)漬(zi)(zi)(zi)化程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)會逐(zhu)漸加重。連棟(dong)大(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)蓋膜時間(jian)長(chang)、揭膜時間(jian)短、棚(peng)(peng)內溫度(du)(du)(du)高，土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)鹽(yan)漬(zi)(zi)(zi)化速(su)度(du)(du)(du)比單棟(dong)大(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)更快、危害更大(da)(da)(da)。如果(guo)蔬(shu)菜植株(zhu)生(sheng)長(chang)矮小、產(chan)品品質變(bian)差，表明(ming)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)已(yi)經輕度(du)(du)(du)鹽(yan)漬(zi)(zi)(zi)化；如果(guo)蔬(shu)菜植株(zhu)葉片(pian)干枯、只(zhi)開花(hua)不結果(guo)，出現絕收現象，表明(ming)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)已(yi)經重度(du)(du)(du)鹽(yan)漬(zi)(zi)(zi)化。大(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)鹽(yan)漬(zi)(zi)(zi)化是一個緩慢的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，必(bi)須采取積(ji)(ji)極的(de)措施(shi)予以防治。

測土配方施肥

根(gen)據作物、地(di)(di)塊進(jin)行測土配(pei)方，在增(zeng)施有機肥(fei)(fei)和(he)生物菌肥(fei)(fei)的(de)前提下(xia)，配(pei)合施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)15%~20%的(de)氮、磷(lin)、鉀及中量元素、微量元素化肥(fei)(fei)，既可提高肥(fei)(fei)料利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)，增(zeng)加蔬菜(cai)產量，又可減(jian)少土壤鹽潰化。同時(shi)要避免經常施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)同一(yi)種化肥(fei)(fei)，并注(zhu)意減(jian)少化肥(fei)(fei)追(zhui)施次數(shu)；施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化肥(fei)(fei)時(shi)，應進(jin)行溝施或穴(xue)施，施人深度(du)以(yi)5~6厘米為(wei)(wei)好，施肥(fei)(fei)后立即(ji)覆土，接(jie)著澆水(shui)，有條件的(de)基地(di)(di)，可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)器穴(xue)施化肥(fei)(fei)。高溫季節(jie)要適當控制追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)量。發生鹽漬(zi)危害的(de)耕(geng)地(di)(di)，不可施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氯化銨和(he)硝(xiao)酸鈉。葉面追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)不易使土壤鹽漬(zi)化，應大(da)力推廣應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)該項技術。磷(lin)酸二氫鉀、尿素、過磷(lin)酸鈣以(yi)及一(yi)些微量元素化肥(fei)(fei)，均可作為(wei)(wei)葉面追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)推廣應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。

風途科技測(ce)土(tu)配方施(shi)肥(fei)儀隨時隨地(di)提供(gong)土(tu)壤養分(fen)數(shu)據（速效(xiao)氮、速效(xiao)磷、有效(xiao)鉀、全氮、全磷、全鉀、有機質、酸堿度、含鹽量(liang)，鈣、鎂、硫、鐵、錳、硼(peng)、鋅、銅、氯、硅、鉬(mu)等(deng)各(ge)種中(zhong)(zhong)微量(liang)元素……），為測(ce)土(tu)配方施(shi)肥(fei)提供(gong)數(shu)據支撐。采(cai)用探針(zhen)式傳(chuan)感器，可直(zhi)接埋入土(tu)壤中(zhong)(zhong)測(ce)試立即出結果，標(biao)配土(tu)壤溫濕度、水分(fen)傳(chuan)感器。（采(cai)購請(qing)聯(lian)系(xi)客服(fu)！）

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